Explore the most comprehensive encyclopedia on roulette. From its origins to the mathematical foundations behind every spin. A serious, academic, and eye-opening approach.
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Roulette originated in 17th-century France. It is said that Blaise Pascal, while searching for a perpetual motion machine, created a wheel that later inspired one of the most iconic gambling games in the world.
During the 18th century, roulette began appearing in French gambling salons. In the 19th century, its design was perfected and popularized across Europe with the single zero (European roulette), while in America the double zero (American roulette) was introduced, increasing the house edge.
It was banned in several countries due to illegal gambling links but found prominence in places like Monte Carlo, Las Vegas, and more recently in online casinos, where its popularity continues to grow.
Today, roulette is not just a game: it’s a symbol of chance, elegance, and strategy, enduring the test of time and technological trends.
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European roulette has 37 pockets, but payouts are calculated as if there were only 36. This subtle difference creates a 2.7% house edge. In American roulette, with the double zero (00), the edge increases to 5.26%. That asymmetry is enough for the house to profit in the long run.
Martingale, Fibonacci, D’Alembert, Labouchère... We analyze their strengths and weaknesses using mathematical models. None eliminate the house edge, though some may help manage your bankroll short-term.
The chance of hitting a single number in European roulette is 2.70%. Hitting red or black is 48.65%. These odds never change, no matter what came before. That’s called statistical independence.
As the number of spins increases, the proportion of each outcome approaches its theoretical probability. This means that long streaks even out over time. It also means the house will win what it is statistically designed to win.
With the use of algorithms, AI, and Monte Carlo simulations, it is possible to analyze roulette trends and patterns. However, no strategy has been proven to beat the game’s design without encountering bankroll or table limits issues.